中国民族音乐学的发展历程

Development of Ethnomusicology in China

民族音乐学是音乐学中一门理论学科,其前身是"比较音乐学"。通过查阅文献资料,分析学者的研究结论,本文认为民族音乐学在中国的发展历程可分为萌芽期、储备期和发展期三个阶段。其中萌芽期为1920—1949年,受比较音乐学"东欧学派"的影响,民间音乐研究主要聚焦于民间音乐的曲调形态研究方面;储备期为1950—1979年,为后来民族音乐学的发展奠定了良好的人才储备、理论储备和实践储备,锻炼和培养出来一批学风严谨、理论扎实、躬行实践的音乐研究专业人才;发展期为1980年以后,我国音乐研究已经呈现了理论与实践完美结合,民族音乐学已成为一门实践性、实证性、理论性的应用型学科。

Ethnomusicology is a theoretical subject of musicology,used to be called comparative musicology.According to document literature and studies of relevant analysts in this field,Development of ethnomusicology in China can be generally divided into 3 stages,they are germination stage,accumulating stage and developing stage.Under the influence of School of Eastern Europe of Comparative musicology,melody morphology study mainly focused on the tune form of folk music study during the first stage from 1920-1949.Development in the coming stage from 1950-1979 laid the foundation of qualified personnel,theories and practice for ethnomusicology,and have trained numerous musical professionals.Since 1980,ethnomusicology has become an applied science with practicality,empirical nature and theoretical property as a result of reasonable integrity of theory and practice in music study.