基于认知的元数据语义建模研究

The Research of Cognition-Based Semantic Modelling of Metadata

在当前大数据的时代,元数据作为一种描述性的结构化信息,语义是体现和发挥其功能的一项非常重的特征。目前构建元数据的视角主要还是聚焦数据层而非对象认知语义层,在构建方法上也欠缺对语义特征的描述,给基于大规模元数据的信息检索和语义互操作等造成一定的困难。本文从认知视角出发,构建元数据认知的高层模型,建立元数据认知和元数据语义之间的映射,提出元数据和本体的关系模型;在此基础上,以人防战备物资信息资源为对象,运用本体工程的方法,构建元数据语义模型,形成对人防战备物资数据的一致性描述和应用。初步成果已在贵阳市人防大数据建设中应用实施,并形成了国家标准草案进行立项,证明了元数据语义建模的可用性和有效性。

In the age of big data, as a descriptive structured information, semantics of metadata is very important to embody and exert its functions. At present, the main point of constructing metadata is mainly focusing on data level rather than object cognitive semantic level. It also lacks the description of semantic features in the construction method, which makes some difficulties for information retrieval and semantic interoperation based on large-scale metadata. This paper built a high-level model of metadata from the cognitive perspective, established its metadata element attributes and the semantic descriptions of the associations. Based on this, a metadata semantic model of civil air defense war readiness materials was proposed by using ontology engineering method. The outcomes were to establish the metadata specification of civil air defense war readiness materials data, and form the consistent description and application of civil air defense war readiness materials data. The results were applied in the big data building of civil air defense in Guiyang city, and were proposed as a national standard project, which had proved the availability and effectiveness of proposed method.