“婚内强奸”的犯罪化路径研究

A study on the route of criminalization of marital rap

婚内强奸在中国应不应该犯罪化,是一个必须在法理学层面进行演绎推理的价值衡量问题;婚内强奸在中国应该如何实现犯罪化,又是一个应当在法经济学层面展开周密论证的成本效益问题。婚内强奸犯罪化既涉及夫妻双方的两性利益冲突,同时也是国家公权力对公民私权利的主动干预。所以,从本质上说,是否应当对婚内强奸行为进行刑法规制,以及如何规制,其实就是在探索如何确保"婚姻契约"与"社会契约"当中各方主体的权益达到最佳平衡。从社会现状来看,单一的犯罪化路径难以充分发挥刑法规制行为、保护法益、保障自由的作用,因此,既要通过立法犯罪化,同时也要进行司法犯罪化。

Whether marital rape should be criminalized in China is a question of value measurement which must be deduced and reasoned in jurisprudence. How marital rape should be criminalized in China is also a question of cost-effectiveness which should be carefully demonstrated in law and economics. The criminalization of marital rape involves not only the conflict of sexual interests between husband and wife, but also the active intervention of state power on private rights of citizens. Therefore, whether and how to regulate marital rape is in essence to explore how to ensure the best balance between the rights and interests of the parties in the ''marriage contract" and Msocial contract". Judging Ifrom the current social situation, we should not only criminalize legislation, but also criminalize judicature at the same time. It is difficult for a single criminalization path to give full play to the role of criminal law in regulating acts, protecting legal interests and safeguarding freedom.