基于改进蚁群算法的无线传感器网络路由

Wireless sensor network routing based on improved ant colony algorithm

为在无线传感器网络中寻找数据传输的最优路径,提出一种优化的蚁群算法。利用改进的伪随机比例规则优化状态转移函数,避免算法出现过早停滞的现象;利用角度因子和距离因子对启发信息函数进行优化,避免无关路径的选取,浪费节点能量;引入最优路径度量公式改进信息素更新策略,使蚂蚁能在网络能耗最少的情况下选择最优路径;通过限制蚂蚁的搜索方向,降低算法的复杂度,提高搜索速率。仿真结果表明,优化后的蚁群算法能够有效地均衡节点能耗,延长网络的生命周期。

To find the optimal path for data transmission in wireless sensor networks, an optimized ant colony algorithm was proposed. The improved pseudo random proportion rule was used to optimize the state transfer function to avoid premature stagnation of the algorithm. By using angle factory and distance factory, the heuristic information function was optimized to avoid extraneous path selection and node energy waste. The optimal path metric formula was introduced to improve the strategy of pheromone updating, so that ants could choose the optimal path with the least energy consumption of the network. By limiting the search direction of ants, the complexity was reduced and the search speed was improved. Simulation results show that the optimized ant colony algorithm can effectively balance the energy consumption of nodes and extend the lifetime of the network.