论朱熹“理”学思想的历史缘起

The Historical Origin of Chu Hsi's "Li" Theory

朱熹的"理"学思想是他哲学思想中的核心,也是在南宋时期他对中国古代思想的总结。"理"学思想逐渐被为后世学者所重视。然而,对"理"学思想进行诠释和研究的过程中,近代的分科细化取向导致朱熹理思想研究的分裂,主要表现为"以史言事"和"以文言理"两种取向。这种分化的目的虽意在历史研究的清晰化,但分离的研究方法却常成为学者误读朱熹思想的主要原因。这种分化的产生,离不开学者们对朱熹思想研究角度的过于聚焦,为求深度而倾向执其一端。以"理"学为切入点,采用哲学的"文本"和历史学的"史料"相结合的研究方式,通过对以往材料的再整理和适当填补,达到对部分研究的过度偏向的适当纠正。

"Li"is the core concept of Chu Hsi's philosophical thought,which is the summing up of ancient Chinese thought.It attracted the more research attention of scholars.However,in the process of explaining and disseminating Neo-Confucianism,the over-elaborated research leads to the split of the study of"Li"thought,which mainly consists of two parts:"study things from history"and"study thought from text".This research method led to the misreading of Chu Hsi's thought by scholars.Under this background,it is very important to bring back the research method of Chu Hsi's thought to the method of combining text with history.Based on this,this paper takes the thought of"Li"as the main point of discussion,and uses the combination of"text"of philosophy and"historical data"of history to supplement and correct the problems in the past research process.