京津冀区域大气污染的纵向嵌入式治理机制研究——交易成本的视角

The Vertical Embedded Governance Mechanism of Air Pollution in Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei Region——From the Perspective of Transaction Cost

京津冀区域大气污染治理存在较高的代理成本、信息成本、谈判成本和监督成本,导致地方政府治理大气污染的激励不足、参与协同治理的意愿不强、协同治理实施难度较大。纵向嵌入式治理机制的作用机理是通过改变地方官员激励机制以降低内部代理成本,建立区域大气污染利益协商机制以降低外部代理成本,设定区域大气污染任务清单以降低信息成本,明确区域大气污染治理任务分工以降低谈判成本,加强监测和巡查以降低监督成本等。以京津冀及周边地区秋冬季大气污染综合治理攻坚行动为例,指出攻坚行动计划具有纵向嵌入式治理机制的特征,但缺乏制度的稳定性和可持续性,需要通过制度、法律和组织机构等方面的改革对治理机制加以完善。

Atmospheric pollution control in the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region has high agency cost, information cost, negotiation cost, and supervision cost. These cost have led to insufficient incentives for local governments to control air pollution, weak willingness to participate in collaborative governance, and difficulty in implementing collaborative governance. The article proposes the concept of vertical embedded governance mechanism. Its mechanism of action is to reduce local agency cost by changing local officials’ incentive mechanism, by establishing regional air pollution interest negotiation mechanism to reduce external agency costs, by setting regional air pollution task list to reduce information, and by strengthening monitoring to reduce supervision cost. The article takes Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei and the surrounding areas in the autumn and winter air pollution comprehensive management as an example, pointing out that this plan has the characteristics of vertical embedded governance mechanism, but lacks institutional stability and sustainability, and needs reform system, law, organization to improve governance mechanism.