村民自治有效实现的关键议题

The Key Discussion Topics on Effective Realization of Villager Autonomy

虽然村民自治从遭遇瓶颈到出现某种复兴,但关于村民自治有效实现形式的探索仍是一个实践难题。可行的研究方法之一是将村民自治的有效实现形式重归于背后的有效实现过程,进而对其间关键议题予以详查。村民自治的有效实现是兼顾现实和理想的互动过程:固然仍需改善选举民主,但更应齐头推进协商民主;固然仍需鼓励村民首创,但更应以国家治理体系为强援;固然仍需强调人的因素,但更应夯实适宜社会土壤;固然仍需倡导乡村善治,但更应具体化为"三个充分"等。村民自治有效实现的过程及水准,必然会展现出一般形式的外观,既与各地的特殊形式构成差别,也从根本上决定了后者的盛衰。

Although villager autonomy encountered bottlenecks and some kind of revival has occurred , exploring its effective realization form is still considered as a practical problem. One of the feasible research methods is to understand the “effective realization form’’of villager autonomy. It,s necessary to return to the “effective realization”process, then to analyze the key issues during the process of effective realization of villager autonomy. In general, the effective realization of villager autonomy is actually an interactive process that takes into account both “reality and ideals”, It is necessary to improve election democracy, but it is more necessary to promote deliberative democracy. It is necessary to encourage villagers to initiate, but it is more necessary to interact with state governance system. It is necessary to stress the ‘‘human”factors, but it is more necessary to lay a solid appropriate social soil. It is necessary to promote good governance in the countryside, but it is more necessary to pay more attention to the “three adequate”. The effective realization form and level of villager autonomy will inevitably show the appearance of “general form”,which is not only different from the “special form” of each place, but also fundamentally determines the rise and fall of the latter.