我国基层卫生人力配置公平性研究:基于基尼系数和泰尔指数分析

Research on the Equity Allocation of Primary Health Care Personnel in China: Analysis Based on Gini Coefficient and Theil Index

目的对2012—2017年我国基层卫生人力的配置公平性进行分析,为加强基层卫生人力资源尤其是全科医生配置提供一定参考。方法综合运用统计性描述、基尼系数和泰尔指数等方法对我国基层卫生技术人员和全科医生的资源配置进行分析。结果基层卫生人员、全科医生数量和质量均有所改善,但依然有待提升;基层卫生人员配置公平性较好,全科医生地区间配置公平性相对较差,但差距逐步减小,经济发展水平与其公平性配置具有较大关系。建议政府应持续加大全科医生培养力度,进一步拓展和落实基层卫生人员尤其是全科医生的职业发展路径,提升职业吸引力;注重对基层骨干人员和经济发展水平相对较低地区全科医生的激励机制。

OBJECTIVE To analyze the current situation and equity allocation of primary health care personnel between 2012-2016.METHODS Descriptive statistical analysis,Gini coefficient and Theil index were used to analyze the equity of population distribution and differences of interregional allocation of primary health care personnel.RESULTS The number of primary health care personnel significantly increased and the quality were improved.Moreover,Gini coefficient of primary health care personnel was always well.The equity of regional general practitioner(GP)allocation was relatively not poor but the gap was narrowing.The economic development level had relatively relationship.SUGGESTION The government should continuously increase the training for GP,further explore and implement the professional development path for primary health personnel(especially GP),improve the attraction of profession.It needed to pay attention to the incentive system for primary backbone personnel and GPs in areas with underdeveloped economy.