锂离子电池硅基负极粘结剂发展现状

Recent Development on Binders for Silicon-Based Anodes in Lithium-Ion Batteries

在锂离子电池负极材料的研究中,硅材料以其高达4200mAh.g^-1的理论比容量,成为近年来新能源电池领域的研究热点.但是在锂化/去锂化过程中,硅负极体积变化高达300%,导致快速的容量衰减和较短的循环寿命.目前硅负极改性最有效的方法之一,是通过粘结剂来保持活性物质、导电添加剂和集流体间的接触完整性,减少硅材料在充放电循环过程中体积变化引起的裂化和粉碎,保持硅负极的高容量,提升电池循环性能.基于硅材料作为锂离子电池负极的优异特性,以及目前锂离子电池粘结剂的发展,将针对锂离子电池硅基负极粘结剂做出系统讨论,描述不同粘结剂对电池性能的主要影响,为锂离子电池硅基负极粘结剂的开发和应用提供研究方向.

In the area of novel power sources, silicon anode in lithium-ion battery, with an ultrahigh theoretical specific capacity of 4200 mAh·g^-1, has drawn numerous attentions and got to highlighting spot. Nevertheless, it suffers rapid capacity loss and short cyclability ascribed to the huge volume change during lithiation/delithiation process. So far, one of the most effective methods to ameliorate performances of silicon anode is to modify binders. In this way, the contact integrity among active materials, conductive additives and current collectors can be maintained, which may weaken the cracking and pulverization, keep high specific capacity as well as strengthen the cyclability of silicon anode. Considering both the advantages of silicon anode and the developments of binders, a review on silicon anode in lithium-ion battery will be demonstrated systematically. Besides, we describe the main effects of binders against battery performances. We hope that our review would provide research directions in the developments and applications of binders used in silicon anode of lithium-ion battery.