含复合凹陷油气管道的安全评估现状

Current Situation of Safety Assessment on Oil and Gas Pipelines with Compound Dents

凹陷是管道受到外部挤压或碰撞而产生的几何缺陷,是油气管道失效的主要原因之一,复合凹陷在形成过程中伴随机械划伤、焊缝、腐蚀、凹槽、扩展裂纹等缺陷的联合作用,比单纯凹陷对管道服役安全的危害更大。为此开展含复合凹陷的油气管道安全性研究,综述了复合凹陷的评估方法,对焊缝、划伤、腐蚀与凹陷叠加的复合凹陷进行了合理的预测和完整性评价,分析和比较了国内外管道含复合凹陷评价的相关规范和标准,总结了目前国内外对复合凹陷中焊缝凹陷、划伤凹陷、腐蚀凹陷的研究进展及不足,建议在含复合凹陷的管道研究中,要结合数值模拟及爆破试验验证,并进一步改进行业标准及规范,避免资源浪费和成本增加。

Dent is defined as a geometric defect of pipelines which caused by external extrusion or im - pact, and it is one of the main reasons for the failure of oil and gas pipelines. Compound dent, combined with defects such as mechanical scratching, weld joints, corrosion, groove and growing crack in its forming process, is more harmful to the service safety of pipelines. Therefore, a safety study on oil and gas pipelines with compound dent is conducted,and the evaluation methods of compound dent are summed up. Compound dent including weld joints, scratching, corrosion and dent is predicted and evaluated reasonably and comprehensively, relevant regulations and standards of pipeline evaluation with compound dent at home and abroad are analyzed and compared, and the progress and deficiency of the study on the weld joint dent,scratching dent and corrosion dent in compound dent at home and abroad are summarized. It is suggested that in the study on pipelines with compound dent, numerical simulations and blasting tests should be used to further improve the industrial standards and regulations and to avoid wasting of resources and increase of cost.