社区型文化遗产地的旅游空间生产与形态转向——基于惠山古镇案例的分析

Tourism Space Production and Form Transformation in Community-based Cultural Heritage Sites——Based on the Investigation of Huishan Ancient Town in Jiangsu Province

采用田野调查法和访谈法,对惠山古镇旅游空间生产及其形态转向进行了研究。结果表明:惠山古镇传统空间形态表现为物质空间的自然性、文化空间的自洽性和社会空间的地域性;旅游后古镇基于地方性的空间凝视、以政府为主导模式的社区改造与资本介入,以及资本与异质文化对新空间的跟进是空间生产的主要动因;惠山古镇旅游空间产生的绅士化现象盛行,在一定程度上引发了传统空间形态和特色的消亡,物理空间的产品化和商品化使其难以响应地方文化,文化空间的异质化致使地方转为真实与现象的第三空间,社会空间的契约化割裂了传统社区人际关系调节的感性模式;未来空间形态优化,需要新的空间调控理念作为引导,融入而非替代是空间自我的前提,均衡而非失衡是空间正义的根本。

The field survey method and interview method are used to study the tourism space production and shape transformation of Huishan ancient Town.Results show that traditional spatial form of Huishan ancient town is characterized by the naturalness of material space,the self-consistency of cultural space and the regionality of social space.After tourism development,local spatial gaze,government-led community transformation,investment,and the follow-up of capital and heterogeneous culture to the new space are the main motives of space production.The popularity of gentrification in the tourism space of Huishan ancient town has,to a certain extent,triggered the extinction of traditional spatial forms and features.Productization and commoditization of its physical space make it difficult to respond to local culture.The heterogeneity of cultural space leads to the transformation of locality into the third space of reality and phenomena.The contractualization of social space separates the perceptual mode of traditional interpersonal relationship adjustment.The optimization of future spatial form asks for a new concept of space regulation as a guide.Integration rather than substitution is the premise of space self.Balance rather than imbalance is the foundation of space justice.