“三权分置”视野下土地承包权退出机制研究

A Research on the Exit Mechanism of Land Contract Right from the Perspective of “Three-Right Separation”

土地承包权退出是"三权分置"改革中提出的概念,其具有独立性,区别于土地承包经营权退出。土地承包权退出本质是集体成员对部分成员权利的放弃。土地承包权退出只有发生在农村土地三权分置改革已经完成后。土地承包权应确立以"户"为单位整体退出、永久性退出的原则,构建以农村社保置换退出补偿为基础,以土地承包经营权补偿及其他补偿为补充的多元补偿机制,充分尊重集体经济组织所有权主体的地位,由村集体经济组织与退出主体自主协商确立具体补偿方案,规范退出标准和程序,加快探索退出土地经营方案,促进新型农业经营主体的培育和发展,推进农民职业化,提高市场对土地的需求度,增加土地价值,形成土地承包权退出与农业发展的良性互动机制。《土地承包法》修订应明确土地承包权退出的性质,并构建相应的制度。

The exit of land contract right is a concept put forward in the reform of“three-right separation”,which is independent and is different from the exit of land contractual management right.The essence of exit of land contract right is the abandonment of some members’rights by collective members.The exit of land contract right can only be carried out after the completion of the reform of“three-right separation”.The exit of land contract right should establish the principle of the whole and permanent exit of the household,and construct a multiple compensation mechanism,which is based on rural social security compensation and supplemented by compensation for land contract and management rights and other compensation,supplemented by the compensation of land contract right and other compensation.The exit of land contractual right should fully respect the status of ownership subject of collective economic organization,and the village collective economic organization and the exit subject should independently negotiate to establish specific compensation scheme,and standard exit criteria and procedures.The amendment of the land contract law should clarify the nature of the exit of land contract right and build the corresponding system.