基于柴油货运车辆的尾气余热发电机参数化研究

Parametric Study of a Heat Generator Based on Diesel Freight Car

研究了商用柴油发动机车辆利用尾气余热回收能量的热电发电机(TEG)的相关参数对其回收效率的影响并提出了优化方案。考虑配置了两种不同内部结构热交换器(平直板翅式和锯齿形翅片式)的TEG安装在轻型商用车(3. 5 t)和重型车辆(40 t)的排气管中。废气用作热源,冷却水用作冷源。分析了TEG的宽度和长度固定时翅片的高度,长度和翅片间距对电功率和净功率的影响。还研究了TEG的长度和宽度以及热电偶支柱的高度对电功率和净功率的影响。根据本研究中使用的结果,平直板翅式是最佳选择,轻型车辆(3. 5 t)的最大电功率为176 W,重型车辆(40 t)的最大功率为877 W。特别对于轻型商用车而言,最大回收效率仅为约2%,热电材料平均转化效率为约4. 4%。因此,其热电模块和系统设计有进一步改进和优化的巨大空间。

The influence of the relevant parameters of the thermoelectric generator(TEG)on the recovery of waste heat from the diesel truck was studied and the optimization scheme was put forward.In this paper,TEGs with two different internal structural heat exchangers(plain fins and offset strip fins)were installed in the exhaust pipe of light-duty truck(3.5 tons)and heavy-duty truck(40 tons).The exhaust gas was used as heat source and the cooling water was used as cold source.The influence of the height,length and fin spacing of the fins on the electric power and net power was analyzed when the width and length of the TEG were fixed.The effects of the length and width of the TEG and the height of the thermocouple pillars on the electrical power and net power were also investigated.According to the results used in this study,the plain fin is the best choice.The maximum electric power was 176W for light-duty truck(3.5 tons),and the maximum power was 877 W for heavy-duty truck(40 tons).In particular,for light-duty truck,the maximum recovery efficiency was only around 2%,and the average conversion efficiency of thermoelectric materials was about 4.4%.Therefore,its thermoelectric modules and system designs have a huge space for further improvement and optimization.