中国新一代核能用材总体发展战略研究

Overall Development Strategy of Materials Used for China's New-Generation Nuclear Power Plants

材料技术是支撑和保障核工程安全稳定运行的前提和基础。我国现有在役和在建的56台核电机组中有52台是压水堆,钠冷快堆和高温气冷堆正在开展示范工程电站的建设,其他堆型尚处于研究阶段。本文分析了我国新一代核能用材研发、制造、应用过程中存在的共性问题、在役和在建核能工程用材存在的突出问题、在研核能技术用材存在的关键问题,在此基础上提出了我国新一代核能用材的发展战略建议,包括设立国家新一代核能用材专业指导委员会;设立新一代核能用材国家专项基金或长期稳定支持的专项科技计划;创建我国新一代核能用材先进完整标准体系;建设国家层面的共享型工程级辐照实验装置;在独立自主原则下,继续开展新一代核能用材国际合作等。

Materials and their manufacturing technology are the premise and foundation to support and guarantee the safe and stable operation of nuclear engineering.Among the 56 nuclear power plants in service or under construction,52 nuclear power plants adopt pressurized water reactors.Demonstration power plants are being built for the high temperature gas cooled reactor and the sodium cold fast reactor,and other reactor types such as molten salt reactors,accelerator-driven subcritical systems,and supercritical water reactors are still in the research stage.This paper summarized and analyzed the challenges and problems in the course of research,manufacturing,and engineering application of materials used for China’s new-generation nuclear power plants,and further proposed some strategic suggestions for the development of these materials,including establishing a national steering committee to guide their development;establishing a national research fund to specially support their development;creating an advanced and complete standards system for their development;constructing a national shared engineering-level radiation experimental device;and under the principle of independence,continuing the international cooperation in the related flied.