沿海和内陆城市行体外受精-胚胎移植妇女血清中有毒金属水平及其与膳食习惯的关系

Relationship between the levels of toxic metals in serum of women undergoing in vitro fertilization-embryo transfer surgery and their dietary habits in coastal and inland cities

目的比较北京和山东省烟台两地行体外受精-胚胎移植(IVF-ET)妇女血清中有毒金属的浓度及可能的影响因素。方法研究对象为在北京大学人民医院和烟台毓璜顶医院首次行IVF-ET的妇女。在2015—2017年共募集305名,其中北京市127名,烟台178名。在妇女进入IVF-ET治疗周期前一天采集空腹静脉血并分离血清。采用电感耦合-等离子体质谱仪测定血清中五种有毒金属(砷、铬、镉、铅和汞)浓度。采用问卷调查,研究妇女的基本特征和饮食习惯。结果北京地区行IVF-ET手术妇女血清内有毒金属浓度分别为:砷浓度中位数(四分位数间距)10.1 (9.41,11.2) ng/ml、镉0.41 (0.15,0.50) ng/ml、汞0.23 (0.17,0.33) ng/ml、铅0.22 (0.15,0.33) ng/ml、铬0.35 (0.26,0.46) ng/ml;烟台地区妇女血清内有毒金属浓度分别为:砷11.6 (10.3,13.8) ng/ml、镉0.14 (0.11,0.17) ng/ml、汞0.29 (0.21,0.41) ng/ml、铅0.48 (0.30,1.71) ng/ml、铬0.24 (0.17,0.37) ng/ml。北京妇女血清中镉和铬的浓度显著高于烟台妇女,而烟台妇女体内砷、汞和铅的浓度水平显著高于北京妇女。总体而言,两地妇女人群体内的有毒重金属水平均低于普通人群。两地妇女人群特征及食用肉类(含海鲜)、新鲜蔬菜、新鲜水果、烧烤食品和煎炸食品频率等饮食习惯的差异均无统计学意义。结论北京和山东省烟台两地行IVF-ET手术的妇女血清中有毒金属浓度存在一定差异,但均不显著高于普通人群水平。本研究中未见膳食习惯影响妇女体内血清金属浓度分布。

Objective To compare the difference of the concentrations of toxic metals in the serum of women undergoing in vitro fertilization and embryo transfer (IVF-ET) between Beijing and Yantai, and to explore the potential factors that affect the differences of toxic metal concentrations. Methods A total of 305 women undergoing IVF-ET surgery were recruited in this study from 2015 to 2017, including 127 from Beijing People's Hospital and 178 from Yuhuangding Hospital in Yantai. Blood samples were collected prior to the IVF-ET treatment cycle and serum was obtained by centrifugation. A total of five toxic heavy metals(arsenic, chromium, cadmium, lead, mercury) in serum were detected using inductively coupled plasma source mass spectrometer. General characteristics and dietary habits were collected by questionnaires. Results The serum concentrations [shown as median (interquartile range)] of toxic metals in women of Beijing undergoing IVF-ET were as follows:arsenic [10.1 (9.41-11.2) ng/ml], cadmium [0.41 (0.15-0.50) ng/ml], mercury [0.23 (0.17-0.33) ng/ml], lead [0.22 (0.15-0.33) ng/ml], chromium [0.35 (0.26-0.46) ng/ml]. The serum concentrations of toxic metals in women of Yantai were as follows:arsenic [11.6 (10.3-13.8) ng/ml], cadmium [0.14 (0.11-0.17) ng/ml], mercury [0.29 (0.21-0.41) ng/ml], lead [0.48 (0.30-1.71) ng/ml], chromium [0.24 (0.17-0.37) ng/ml], respectively. Serum concentrations of cadmium and chromium of women in Beijing were significantly higher than those in Yantai. Concentrations of arsenic, mercury and lead of women in Yantai were significantly higher than those in Beijing. Overall, the levels of toxic heavy metals in the women population in both places are lower than those in general population No significant difference was showed in the frequency of consumption of meat (including seafood), fresh vegetables, fresh fruits, grilled foods and fried foods. Conclusion There were significant differences in the concentrations of toxic metals in the serum of women undertaking IVF-ET surgery between Yantai and Beijing,but both were not significantly higher than those of the general population. No dietary habits were found to affect serum metal concentrations of women in this study.