南京长江以北地区840例泌尿系结石临床特征分析及防治策略

The clinical features analysis and prevention strategy of urinary calculus of 840 cases in north area of Yangtze River in Nanjing

目的研究南京市江北地区泌尿系结石的临床特征,为该地区结石的防治提供指导。方法分析江北3家医院泌尿外科2014年1月—2016年1月门诊及病房收治的泌尿系结石患者资料,采用红外光谱自动分析仪对840例患者的结石标本进行成分分析,比较不同性别、年龄、结石部位、居住地患者的结石特点。结果840例患者中,男性患者结石发病率较女性高,男女比例为2.96∶1;年龄18岁～84岁,平均年龄(49.6±12.48)岁,上下尿路结石比例为6.30∶1。结石成分主要以草酸钙结石为主,其中草酸钙结石81.19%,尿酸结石23.45%,胱氨酸结石0.47%,磷酸镁铵结石8.33%,碳酸磷灰石40.95%。结论南京市江北地区结石成分以含钙结石为主,其中尿酸结石及感染性结石比例相对较高,针对性的饮食指导对结石防治有重要意义。

Objective To provide guidance for the prevention and treatment of urinary calculus in north area of Yangtze River in Nanjing by studying the clinical features in this area.Methods From January 2014 to January 2016,the compositions of 840 patients’ calculi specimens collected in three hospitals in north area of Yangtze River were analyzed by infrared spectrum analyzer,and the characteristics of the stones were compared with different genders,ages,stone sites and residences.Results The incidence of calculi in men is higher than that of women with a ratio of 2.96∶ 1.The age range from 18 to 80 and the average age is (49.6±12.48)years,and the ratio of upper and lower urinary calculi is 6.30∶ 1.The composition of stone is mainly oxalate calculi,in which calcium oxalate calculi 81.19%,uric acid calculus 23.45%,cystine stone 0.47%,magnesium phosphate rock 8.33%,carbonate apatite 40.95%.Conclusion The calculi in north area of Yangtze River in Nanjing is mainly composed of calculi,and the proportion of uric acid stone and infectious stone is relatively high.Targeted dietary guidance has important significance to the prevention and treatment of stones.