跨理论模型健康教育对老年复杂性肾结石患者健康行为变化的影响

Effect of trans-theoretical health education on health behaviors of elderly patients with complex renal calculi

目的探讨跨理论模型健康教育对老年复杂性肾结石患者健康行为变化的影响。方法纳人2016年1月至2017年6月收治的93例老年复杂性肾结石患者,分为观察组(46例)和对照组(47例),对照组接受常规延续性健康教育,观察组以跨理论模型指导进行健康教育。对比两组出院1周、12个月时饮食情况,出院1周、12个月时所处行为改变阶段,12个月复发情况。结果出院1周,两组饮食情况对比,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);出院12个月,观察组每日饮水量明显更多,动物蛋白食物、富含草酸食物使用量明显更少,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。出院1周,两组行为改变阶段对比,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);出院3个月,观察组所处阶段明显好于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。观察组12个月复发率明显低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论跨理论模型能够促进老年复杂性肾结石患者落实健康行为,这有助于减少复发。

Objective To explore the effect of trans-theoretical health education on health behaviors of elderly patients with complex renal calculi. Methods From January 2016 to June 2017,93 elderly patients with complex renal calculi were randomly divided into the observation group(46 cases)and the control group(47 cases). The control group received routine continuing health education,while the observation group received health education guided by trans-theoretical model. Their dietary status at one week and 12 months after discharge,status of behavioral change at one week and three months after discharge,relapse within 12 months after discharge were observed. Results The differences of dietary status at one week after discharge between two groups were not statistically significant(P>0.05). At 12 months after discharge,daily drinking amount in the observation group was significantly more,the take of animal protein food and oxalate rich food in the observation group was significantly less,the differences were statistically significant(P<0.05). The differences of status of behavioral change at one week after discharge between two groups were not statistically significant(P>0.05). At 12 months after discharge, status of behavioral change in the observation group was significantly better,the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05). The relapse rate in the observation group was significantly lower than that in the control group(P<0.05). Conclusion Trans-theoretical model can promote the implementation of healthy behavior in elderly patients with complex renal calculi,which is helpful to reduce recurrence.