城市流浪精神病患者的特点及护理对策

Characteristics and nursing strategies of urban vagrant psychotics patients

目的探讨城市流浪精神病患者的特点及护理对策。方法选取2016年10月～2017年10月我院收治的50例城市流浪精神病患者作为观察组,将同期50例一般精神病患者作为对照组,比较两组的入院时躯体疾病情况、入院方式、入院时精神状况,分析急救与护理方法。结果观察组入院时合并外伤、皮肤溃破感染、其他躯体疾病等发生率明显高于对照组,而无躯体疾病率明显低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);观察组由警察或急救中心送入院比例明显高于对照组,而由其他医院转入、家属或单位送入的比例低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);观察组入院时的行为紊乱及伤人、毁物发生率高于对照组,自理程度差于对照组,合作率低于对照组,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论城市流浪精神病患者患躯体疾病需行规范化急救及护理,遵循先救命后治病的原则,明确危及生命的躯体疾病,配合针对性护理措施,需要医护人员更多的耐心和努力。

Objective To investigate the characteristics and nursing strategies of urban vagrant patients with mental illness.Methods From October 2016 to October 2017,50 urban wandering psychiatric patients admitted to our hospital were used as observation group.Another batch of 50 general psychiatric patients in the same period was selected as control group.The physical disease,admission methods,mental status at the time of admission,analysis of first aid and nursing methods were compared in the two groups.Results The incidence of combined trauma,skin ulceration and other physical diseases in the observation group was significantly higher than that in the control group,while the rate of free physical disease was significantly lower than that in the control group(P<0.05).The proportion of sending to hospital by policemen or from emergency centers was significantly higher than that of the control group,while the percentage of patients transferred from other hospitals,or by their family members or units was lower compared with that in the control group,with statistical differences(P<0.05).In the observation group,the incidence of behavioral disorders,hurting others,and destruction was higher than that of the control group,and self-care was worse compared with those in the control group,the cooperation rate was lower,which were displayed statistical significance(P<0.05).Conclusion Urban wandering patients with mental illness need standardized first aid and nursing by following the principle of first life-saving and then disease treatment.Identify life-threatening physical diseases,together with targeted nursing measures,medical staff needs more patience and efforts.