硫杂冠醚的合成及其对废水中Ag(I)的选择性萃取研究

Synthesis of thiacrown ethers and its selective extration on Ag(I) from wastewater

针对当前含银废液综合回收利用率低,以及不当排放造成严重环境污染等问题.本研究以邻苯二酚为原料,经亲核取代、酰氯酰化、缩合反应制得一种全新结构硫杂冠醚7,10-二硫杂苯并-18-冠-6(硫杂冠醚3,Thia18C6),产物经核磁共振氢谱(~1H NMR)、X-射线衍射单晶进行了结构表征,进而采用溶剂萃取的方法考察了其对不同金属离子的选择性萃取能力.结果表明,在单一体系下,Thia18C6对银离子表现出较为优异的萃取能力,萃取率可达97.68%,而在多种杂质离子(Cu^(2+)、Pb^(2+)、Zn^(2+)和Ni^(2+))共存的复杂体系中,Thia18C6对银离子表现出了较强的选择性.

At present, silver-containing liquid waste has low recovery rate and may cause serious environmental issues. A novel thiacrown, 7,10-thia-18-crown-6(Thia18C6), was synthesized by nucleophilic substitution, chloride acylation and condensation. The structure was characterized by using proton nuclear magnetic resonance hydrogen spectrum(1H NMR) and X-ray single crystal diffraction, and the extraction capacity and selectivity of Thia18C6 to various metal ions were further evaluated. The results showed that Thia18C6 has a high selective extraction capacity for Ag+ with the co-existence of Cu^2+, Pb^2+, Zn^2+ and Ni^2+ ions, and exhibits an excellent extraction efficiency of 97.68% for Thia18C6 to Ag^+.