红树林湿地污水消纳过程中厌氧氨氧化菌存在特征

Existence characteristics of anaerobic ammonia oxidizing bacteria in wastewater treatment process from mangrove wetland

厌氧氨氧化过程作为滨海生态系统氮去除的有效途径,对维持滨海生态系统氮元素收支平衡具有重要意义.本研究采用基于16S rRNA基因的荧光定量PCR(qPCR)技术,并结合环境因子,对红树林湿地中厌氧氨氧化菌基因丰度和相对丰度的存在特征进行考察.结果表明,在红树林湿地0～65 cm深度的沉积物中均检出厌氧氨氧化菌,随距排污口距离及深度的增加,本研究中厌氧氨氧化菌基因丰度和相对丰度未发现明显的分布规律.相关性分析表明,厌氧氨氧化菌基因丰度和相对丰度在红树林湿地沉积物中的空间分布与环境因子密切相关,厌氧氨氧化菌基因丰度与总氮(TN)、总有机碳(TOC)和总碳(TC)呈显著正相关,氨氮(NH^+_4-N)、亚硝氮(NO^-_2-N)、硝态氮(NO^-_3-N)和电导率(EC)是影响厌氧氨氧化菌基因丰度的重要因子;相对丰度与C∶P、N∶P比值呈显著正相关,C∶N比值、总碳(TC)和电导率(EC)是影响厌氧氨氧化菌基因相对丰度的重要因子.综上,针对厌氧氨氧化菌16S rRNA定量分析在一定程度上揭示了红树林湿地厌氧氨氧化菌基因丰度、相对丰度与环境因子的耦合关系.

Anaerobic ammonia oxidation (anammox) process as the effective pathway of promoting the nitrogen removal play the important role in the process of coastal ecosystem nitrogen balance. In this study, the existence characteristics of anammox bacteria genes abundance and relative abundance in wastewater treatment process from mangrove wetland were investigated based on quantitative real-time PCR(qPCR) and environmental factors analysis. The results showed that anammox bacteria genes was detected in the all samples from the mangrove wetland sediment at 0~65 cm depth. Although the obvious distribution regulation of anammox bacteria genes absolute abundance and relative abundance along with the increase of distance from sewage outlet and depth was not be found, the correlation analysis showed that the spatial abundance and relative abundance distribution of anammox bacteria genes was closely related to environmental factors. In term of absolute abundance, anammox bacteria genes abundance was significantly positively correlated with total nitrogen (TN), total carbon (TC) and total organic carbon (TOC), and ammonia nitrogen (NH4^﹢-N), nitrite nitrogen (NO2^﹣-N), nitrate nitrogen (NO3^﹣-N) and electrical conductivity (EC) can also affect the abundance of anammox bacteria genes. In term of relative abundance, the relative abundance of anammox bacteria genes was significantly positively correlated with C ∶P and N ∶P ratio, and total carbon (TC), C ∶N ratio and electrical conductivity (EC) can also affect the relative abundance of anammox bacteria genes. To summarize, the relationship between anammox bacteria genes abundance, relative abundance and environmental factors was revealed by the quantitative analysis of anammox bacteria 16S rRNA in a certain degree.