具有低湍流度的VAWT系列翼型正向设计方法

A direct design method for VAWT series airfoil with low turbulence

文章选取了NACA0012,NACA2412及NACA23012等传统航空通用翼型,分析比较了在不同叶尖速比下各翼型的湍动能、湍流耗散速率、湍流粘度等湍流特性指标。当翼型弦线与流线重合时,沿流线的弦线能有效地抑制湍流的形成,使翼型对周围气流的扰动最小。并以此为思路,通过正向设计的方法,结合儒可夫斯基转换和特雷夫茨图解法正向设计了一种适用于VAWT的低湍流度系列新翼型。在数值仿真方面,选用k-ω标准湍流模型,采用稳态分析和面积分计算的方法,计算了各翼型在弧形计算域内的湍流特性,发现新翼型在湍流特性方面具有明显的优势,同时也验证了设计原理及方法的合理性。

The traditional aviation airfoils NACA0012,NACA2412 and NACA23012 are selected to explore their adaptation on VAWT under different tip speed ratio in simulation.Turbulence characteristics will be calculated including:turbulent kinetic energy,turbulence dissipation rate and turbulence viscosity.Result indicates that chord line coinciding with streamline will minimize the disturbance on airflow around the airfoil and restrain the formation of turbulence effectively.According to this idea,a new series airfoil for VAWT with low turbulence is designed in direct method by combining Joukowski transformation with Trefftz graphical construction.Standard k-ωturbulence model is applied in numerical simulation.Steady analysis and surface integrals are used to compute the turbulence characteristics of each airfoil in concave domain.It is concluded that the new airfoil shows great superiority in turbulence characteristics,which verifies the rationality of the design principle and method.