肿瘤相关恶心、呕吐

Cancer related nausea and vomiting

恶心、呕吐作为恶性肿瘤患者一种常见的临床症状,对患者的生理、心理等均会产生明显的负面影响,造成机体代谢紊乱,增加患者对治疗的恐惧感,降低患者治疗的依从性,影响患者生活质量和生存期。恶心、呕吐的发病原因众多,其中肿瘤相关恶心、呕吐是本文阐述的重点内容,其具体病因包括肿瘤本身导致的恶心、呕吐,肿瘤治疗相关的恶性、呕吐,精神因素相关的恶心、呕吐以及全身因素相关的恶心、呕吐,从以上发病原因入手可有效减轻恶心、呕吐带来的不良影响。对恶心、呕吐发生机制的研究主要集中于呕吐机制的研究,目前该部分内容已阐述的比较清晰,而恶心的机制尚不明确,有待进一步研究探索。恶心、呕吐发生程度不同,对机体营养代谢产生的影响也有所不同,为了治疗更为有的放矢,需要根据恶心、呕吐的病因,发生机制和程度进行针对性预防和治疗,以改善患者的症状和生活质量。本文将从恶心、呕吐发生的原因,病理生理机制,对代谢的影响以及治疗等角度进行全面阐述,有助于对恶心呕吐患者进行积极预防、合理治疗,进而为提高患者生活质量,改善生存期提供保障。

As a common clinical symptom of cancer patients,nausea and vomiting have obvious negative effects on the physiology and psychology of the patients,cause the metabolic disorder of the body,increase the patient's fear of treatment,reduce the compliance of the patients,and influence the quality of life and the overall survival of the patients.There are many causes of nausea and vomiting.Tumor related nausea and vomiting are the main contents of this article.The specific causes include nausea and vomiting caused by the tumor itself,treatment related nausea and vomiting,mental factors associated nausea and vomiting,and systemic factors associated nausea and vomiting.It is helpful to effectively alleviate the adverse effects of nausea and vomiting.The research on the mechanism of nausea and vomiting mainly focuses on the study of the mechanism of vomiting.At present,this part has been explained clearly,but the mechanism of nausea is not clear,which needs further research and exploration.The incidence of nausea and vomiting is different,to have different effects on the bodys nutrition metabolism.In order to treat more individually,it is necessary to prevent and treat the nausea and vomiting according to the cause,mechanism and degree of nausea and vomiting,so as to improve the patient's symptoms and quality of life.This paper expounds the causes of nausea and vomiting,pathophysiological mechanism,the influence of metabolism and treatment,which is helpful to the active prevention and treatment of nausea and vomiting,and thus to improve the quality of life and the overall survival.