考虑能耗的多目标拆卸线平衡优化与层次分析法决策

Multi-objective disassembly line balancing optimization and analytic hierarchy process decision-making considering energy consumption

针对拆卸过程中能耗浪费和负荷不均衡现象,以最小化拆卸能耗、工作站数目、平滑指数、危害指数和需求指数为优化目标,建立了多目标拆卸线平衡模型。结合拆卸线平衡问题的特点,设计了一种基于Pareto的离散果蝇算法,在嗅觉搜索阶段,采用单点变异操作;在视觉搜索阶段,筛选最优邻域解以更新个体;为了增加算法的全局寻优能力,用两点交叉操作执行全局协作机制。为了提高收敛效果,采用精英保留策略对外部档案中的非劣解进行维护。通过求解不同规模的拆卸算例,并与现有多种算法进行对比,验证了所提算法的有效性。以27项任务的某型电视机为拆卸实例,通过所提算法求得12个非劣解,采用层次分析法对Pareto解集进行排序,筛选最满意解,结果表明了所提方法和模型的可行性和有效性。

Aiming at the phenomenon of energy consumption and workload unbalance during the process of actual disassembly,a multi-objective disassembly line balance model was established to minimize the disassembly energy consumption,workstations number,smoothing index,hazard index and demand index.Combined with the characteristics of disassembly line balance problem,a multi-objective discrete fruit fly algorithm based on Pareto was designed.A single point mutation operation was used in the olfactory search stage,and the optimal neighborhood solution was filtered to update the individual in the visual search stage.To strengthen the global optimization ability of algorithm,the global cooperation mechanism was implemented by performing the two-point crossover operation.To improve the convergence effect,the elite strategy was used to maintain the non-inferior solutions in the external file.The effectiveness of the proposed algorithm was verified by solving the disassembly examples of different sizes and the solving results were compared with the existing algorithms.Through applying the proposed algorithm to solving a certain type of TV disassembly instance involving 27 tasks,12 non-inferior solutions were obtained,and the most satisfactory solution was selected by sorting Pareto solutions with analytic hierarchy process.The results further identified the feasibility and effectiveness of the proposed method and model.