miRNA和lncRNA及相关信号转导通路对滋养细胞浸润功能的影响及其机制

Effects of MiR NA and LncR NA and Their Associated Signal Transduction Pathways on Infiltration Function of Trophoblast Cells and Their Mechanisms

微小RNA(miRNA)是一种内源性表达的小分子非编码RNA,通过转录后抑制调控约30%的基因表达,很多研究表明miRNA在调控滋养细胞复制、迁移、浸润等功能中发挥重要作用。长链非编码RNA(lncRNA)是长度大于200个核苷酸的非编码RNA,通过表观遗传效应、细胞周期调控和细胞分化调控等影响滋养细胞复制、迁移、浸润等。细胞内信号通路的正常传导保证滋养细胞浸润功能正常而不会如肿瘤细胞一样无限制地生长和侵袭。不同的RNA或不同的信号通路所作用的靶点不同,最终引起滋养细胞浸润功能改变的过程也不相同。综述近年非编码RNA及其相关信号转导通路对滋养细胞浸润功能所产生的影响及机制。

MicroRNA (miRNA) is a small non-coding RNA expressed endogenously, which can regulate approximately 30% gene expression via posttranscriptional function. Many studies indicate that miRNA plays a critical role in regulating the proliferation, migration and invasiveness of trophoblast. Long non-coding RNA (lncRNA) is such a kind of non-coding RNA with length more than 200 nucleotides, which can regulate the proliferation, migration and invasiveness of trophoblast through epigenetic effect, the regulation of cellular cycle and cell differentiation. Moreover, the regular transduction of cellular signal pathway can keep the normal invasiveness of trophoblast to prevent it grows and invades without restriction like the tumor cells. Different RNA or signal pathway has different targets, which results in the change of invasiveness of trophoblast in different procedure. This paper aims at illuminating the effects and mechanisms of miRNAs, lncRNAs and related signal pathway on the invasiveness of trophoblast.