共犯关系脱离新论——以脱离前行为产生作为义务为切入点

New Comment on Separation from the Accomplice Relationship——Taking Previous Behavior Producing Duty to Act as Entry Point

关于共犯关系脱离的认定问题,"因果关系切断说"因符合现行以因果共犯论作为共犯处罚根据的理论构架,占据着处理该问题的通说地位。但是该说也暴露出了脱离标准过于严格的问题,因此围绕因果性的切断进行"规范地"软化处理逐渐成为这一领域的有力观点。但是该处理方法也暴露自身标准不明确的缺陷。在这样的背景下,有望采取这样的理论结构,即基于先前行为作为义务理论,认定脱离者脱离前行为对于其他共犯人造成的法益侵害结果不存在作为义务,因此不用绝对实行原先基于因果关系切断说所要求的"避免结果发生方能排除因果性影响"这一条件。这使得在原有理论基础上,对是否避免结果发生进行了更具有理论整合性的处理,而不仅仅只是从因果关系的有无层面进行自然性的考察。

On the identification of the separation of accomplice relationship,"causality cut-off theory"occupies the position of dealing with this problem because it conforms to the current theoretical framework of causality accomplice as the basis of accomplice punishment.But it also exposes the problem of being too strict out of standard,so a"standardized"softening of the cut-off around causality has gradually become a powerful point of view in this area.However,this approach also exposes shortcomings that are not clear in their own standards.In this context,it is expected to adopt such a theoretical structure,that is,based on the previous behavior as the obligation theory,to find that the separation of the disengaged behavior for other common prisoners caused by the results of legal benefits do not exist as an obligation,so there is no absolute implementation of the original based on causality cut said that the"avoidance of the result can erase the causal condition.This makes it more theoretical integration to avoid the occurrence of the result on the basis of the original theory,and not to investigate the nature from the level of causality.