马克思关于人的本质生成理论探析

Analysis of Marx's Theory on the Generation of Human Essence

马克思把人的本质的生成纳入历史唯物主义的视阈,认为人的本质的生成存在着三个不断前进上升、后者否定前者的历史阶段,即前资本主义社会"人的依赖关系"的生成阶段,资本主义社会"物的依赖关系"的生成阶段,共产主义社会"自由个性"的生成阶段。人的本质生成的三个阶段的不同,体现着社会关系对人的本质的决定性作用。未来共产主义社会"自由个性"的生成,从社会关系上摆脱了人身依附与物质束缚,因而能最终实现人的自由全面发展。

Marx brought the generation of human essence into the perspective of historical materialism.He believed that there are three historical stages in the generation of human essence,namely,the generation stage of"human dependence"in pre-capitalist society,the generation stage of"material dependence"in capitalist society,and the generation stage of the"free personality"of the Communist society.The difference of the three stages of human essence reflects the decisive role of social relations on human essence.The generation of"free individuality"in the future Communist society gets rid of the personal attachment and material restraint from the social relations,and thus can finally realize the free and comprehensive development of human beings.