新疆喀什地区农村居民收入与消费现状研究

The Status Quo of Rural Residents' Income and Living Consumption in Kashgar Region in Xinjiang

党的十九大报告中强调,要动员全党全国全社会力量,坚持精准扶贫、精准脱贫。探讨少数民族聚居区农村居民收入的影响因素,分析收入与消费之间的关联度并寻求其变化规律,是"十三五"实施精准扶贫的一项重要的基础性工作。本文选取新疆喀什地区莎车、泽普和英吉沙三个县,随机抽取300户农村家庭样本,开展入户调查,并运用有序多分类Logistic回归模型和灰色关联分析法对该地区农村居民收入的影响因素及其与生活消费的关系进行实证研究。结果表明,新疆喀什地区农村居民的家庭收入主要受到家庭劳动力人数和受教育水平的影响;家庭收入的来源主要为经营性和转移性收入,工资性收入相对偏低;该地区农村居民的家庭支出主要是以吃、住、穿等生存型消费为主,与中、东部省份相比,在医疗保健、交通出行等发展型消费和享受型消费水平方面呈现较大差距。实现2020年全面建成小康社会的宏伟目标,需要继续提高喀什地区农村居民受教育水平及劳动技能,促进其收入水平的提高并优化消费支出结构。

In the report at the 19th National Congress of the Communist Party of China,it is stressed that we need to mobilize the whole party and the whole country to achieve the goal of targeted poverty alleviation and targeted poverty alleviation.To investigate the factors affecting the income of rural residents,the association between income and consumption of rural residents in southern Xinjiang,and its variation is one of the important basic works for reducing poverty precisely during the thirteenth plan of five-year national planning.In this paper we selected Shache,Zepu and Yingjisha,three counties in Kashgar Region,as research areas,and randomly selected 300 rural households sample to carry out household survey.After collecting the data,we analyzed the influence factors and the structure and relationship of rural residents’income and consumption with ordered multi-classification logistic regression model and gray correlation analysis.In the southern Xinjiang,rural household income was mainly affected by the number of family labors and the level of education,and was mainly composed of operating and transfer income.The wage income was relatively low.Household expenditure of rural residents mainly went to food,shelter,clothing,and other survival consumption.By contrast,there was a considerable?gap between Xinjiang and eastern provinces,in aspect of health care,transportation and other enjoyment consumption level.To attain the goal of completing the building of a moderately prosperous society in all respects by 2020,we must continue to improve the educational level and labor skills of rural residents in ethnic minority areas,greatly improve the rural residents’income level and optimize the structure of consumption expenditure in minority concentrated region.