增长边界政策趋紧下中国特大城市的效率变化

Efficiency Change of Mega Cities in China under the Tightening of UGB

随着中国对城市增长边界和用地规模管控趋紧,特大城市将面临规模扩张内在需求与增长边界外部约束并存的发展抉择。运用数据包络分析方法,考察2006—2016年增长边界管控政策从"软要求"到"硬约束"转变过程中特大城市运行效率的静态特征和动态变化发现,部分特大城市开始进入规模效应递减区间,且在土地约束不断强化的情况下,生产要素配置和利用水平没有较大提高,从而在整体上影响城市运行效率的提升。为此,需要通过采取在微观层面上提高空间资源利用效率、中观层面上提高空间结构组织效率、宏观层面上提高区域协调发展效率等措施,来提升中国特大城市的运行效率。

With the tightening of UGB and land scale control in China,megacities will face the development choice of the coexistence of internal demand for scale expansion and the external constraints of UGB.Using DEA,this paper examines the static characteristics and dynamic changes of operational efficiency of mega cities in China during the transition from“soft requirements”to“hard constraints”of growth boundary control policies in 2006-2016.Study found that some mega cities begin to enter the decreasing range of scale effect,and the allocation and utilization level of production factors has not been greatly improved under the condition of the continuous strengthening of land restriction,thus affecting the improvement of urban operational efficiency.Therefore,we need to take measures to improve the utilization efficiency of the space resources at the micro level,the organization efficiency of the space structure at the meso level and the coordinated development efficiency at the macro level to improve the operation efficiency of mega-cities in China.