居住空间分异视角下我国城市基础教育资源配置研究

Study of the Allocation of Urban Basic Educational Resource in China from the Perspective of Residential Space Differentiation

我国城市快速发展过程中,以基础教育为代表的公共服务存在供给总量不足、配置失衡、需求分化等问题,进而与住房市场和社会群体作用形成居住空间分异.通过构建Probit模型,分析了影响城市居民获取优质基础教育资源的主要因素.研究发现:家庭背景差异显著影响子代教育获得、优质基础教育资源"空间俱乐部化"及居住空间分异强化教育资源的非均衡格局;可通过创新学区管理模式、加强教育经费投入、完善教育体系、改革户籍制度等方法促进基础教育均衡发展.

In the process of rapid urban development in China,public services represented by basic education have the problems,such as insufficient supply,unbalanced allocation and demanding differentiation,all of them further form a different residential space with the role of the housing market and social groups. This paper constructs the Probit model and analyzes the main factors that affect urban residents' access to quality basic education resource. The results show that family background differences significantly affect the acquisition of offspring education,the quality of basic education resource reflect the "club effect",and the living space differentiation intensifies the unbalanced pattern of educational resources. We should promote the balanced development of basic education,like innovating school district management model,strengthening investment in education,developing education system and reforming the household registration system.