长三角平原水网地区乡村植被群落保护评价

The protection evaluation of rural vegetation community in the Yangtze river delta

乡村地区城市化的快速发展对乡村原有生境和乡村植被造成了巨大的破坏,而现有研究对乡村植被保护的定量评价方法涉及较少。本研究从植被群落的稳定性、典型性、稀有性和乡土文化性等4个方面构建了乡村植被群落保护评价体系,并利用该指标体系对长三角平原水网地区植被群落进行评价,给出保护建议。主要结论:(1)该区域乡村植被群落质量分异明显,值得原位保护的植物群落占比为21.60%,集中在绿林地、水边生境中自然驳岸周围和建筑背面;需要优化改造的植物群落占比为71.64%,集中在路边、水边生境中硬质驳岸周围和建筑正面。(2)该区域乡村植被群落基本保持着较高的典型性,但是稳定性受到了一定的干扰,稀有性和乡土文化性缺失较严重。(3)乡村发展和人工干预对乡村植被群落质量破坏明显。保护及优化的建议:乡村植被保育修复过程中应重点关注敏感、脆弱的生境类型,如路边、水边和建筑周边;在维持乡村植被群落典型性和稳定性的同时,重点保护和修复植被群落的稀有性和乡土文化性;在乡村城市化过程中,注重乡村植被群落生境类型的保护和植被模式构建的适宜性和科学性考究。

The rapid development of urbanization in rural areas has caused great damage to the original habitats and rural vegetation.However,the existing researches didnt focus on the quantitative evaluation of the rural vegetation community.The study built rural vegetation protection evaluation system from the stability,representativeness,rarity and culture of the vegetation community.The system is used to evaluate vegetation communities in the Yangtze river basin.The main conclusions are:(1) The differentiation of the quality of rural area vegetation community is obvious.The plant community that deserves to be protected mainly concentrated in the green land and the natural revetment of the water side and the back of the building.However,more plant communities need to be optimized,mainly focusing on the side of the road and the hard edge of the water edge and the facade of the building.(2) The rural vegetation communities in the region have maintained relatively high typicality,but the stability has been interfered with,and the scarcity of rare and native culture is more serious.(3) Rural development and human intervention have significantly damaged the quality of rural vegetation communities.The suggestions for protection and optimization are:The sensitive and vulnerable habitat types should be paid attention to,such as roadside,water edge and surrounding buildings.While maintaining the typicality and stability of rural vegetation communities,it is important to protect and restore the sparse and local culture of vegetation communities.In the process of rural urbanization,we should pay attention to the protection of the habitat type of rural vegetation communities and the suitability and scientific research of the vegetation construction mode.