海盐腔“浙”姓歌调考

Research on Songs and Tunes named with “Zhe”of Haiyan Tone

从明初洪武朝优人进演"浙音"《琵琶记》起,"浙音"就是南戏海盐腔的别名。在民间,嘉靖时祝允明《重刻〈中原音韵〉序》所言"浙戏文之调"、万历时汤显祖《宜黄县戏神清源师庙记》称"海盐"为"浙音"、天启白话小说《梼杌闲评》所言五十班苏腔与"浙腔";在宫廷,至嘉靖海盐腔一直在演唱,沈德符《万历野获编》仍有北京内廷演出海盐腔的记载。明初至明末,由"浙音"、"浙戏文"、"浙"腔调、"浙"调、"浙板"、"浙气"、"浙腔"一路而来,体现的是海盐腔一脉相承的传统,"浙"姓歌调都是南戏海盐腔。

Since the performance of Notes of Pipa with Zhe dialect in the Hongwu reign of the beginning of the Ming Dynasty,“Zheyin” has been the alias of Haiyan tone of the nanxi Opera. In the folk, Zhu Yunming claimed the tune of Zhejiang operas, Tang Xianzu called “Haiyan tone” as “Zheyin”, and Zheqiang was referred in the vernacular novel. In the court, Haiyan tone had been performed till Jiajing reign, and Shen Defu recorded the performance of Haiyan tone in the court of Beijing. From the beginning to the end of the Ming Dynasty,“Zheyin”,“Zhe opera”,“Zhe” tone,“Zhe” tune,“Zheban”,“Zheqi” and “Zheqiang”, reflect the inheritance of Haiyan tone. Songs and tunes named with “Zhe” are all Haiyan tone of the nanxi Opera.