基于Agent的三维巷道人员疏散仿真研究

Simulation and Research on 3D Tunnel Pedestrian Evacuation Based on Agent

在三维巷道中发生灾害事故时,人员疏散是一个复杂的过程。通过对地下巷道人员的安全疏散分析,提出了三维巷道中人员应急疏散仿真的系统构架。对Agent的个体属性进行定义,并设定Agent的感知系统、决策系统以及行为系统。根据在应急疏散过程中不同区域的人员密度,计算Agent的疏散速度;基于变权的A*算法搜索疏散最短路径,并确定Agent在巷道中的实时位置;根据Agent周边情况,对Agent之间以及Agent与巷道之间进行碰撞检测与响应。在此基础上,基于OpenGL构建三维巷道和人员模型仿真虚拟场景,进行应急疏散可视化模拟仿真,并对仿真结果进行评估分析。实例应用表明,该系统可有效地仿真三维巷道人员应急疏散动态过程,为事故灾害发生前的疏散模拟演练和灾害发生时的应急救援提供技术支持。

Evacuation is a complex process when the accident is occurred in three dimensional tunnel.By analyzing of the safety evacuation of the workers,we put forward a system framework of the emergency evacuation simulation in the three-dimensional tunnel.The individual attributes of Agent are defined,and the perception system,decision-making system and behavior system of Agent are set.According to the density of crowd in the different area during the emergency evacuation process,the evacuation speed of Agent is calculated.The A* algorithm with variable weight is used to search for the optimal evacuation route.The real-time location of the Agent in the tunnel is determined while the person is evacuating.According to the surrounding situation of Agent,the collisions between Agent and Agent,between Agent and laneway can be detected and responded.Based on OpenGL,the three dimensional tunnel and person model simulation virtual scene can be built.The visual simulation of emergency evacuation is carried out ,and finally the simulation results are evaluated and analyzed.The application in the tunnel shows that it can effectively simulate the emergency evacuation process of underground tunnel,which provides technical support for evacuation exercise before disaster and emergency rescue when the disaster is occurred.