中国人群慢性前列腺炎危险因素的Meta分析

Meta analysis of risk factors for chronic prostatitis among Chinese men

目的综合评价中国人群慢性前列腺炎的主要危险因素。方法检索2000年1月至2017年11月中外数据库,按照拟定的文献纳入与排除标准获得有关慢性前列腺炎危险因素的病例对照研究,提取有效数据,分别采用固定效应模型和随机效应模型计算各危险因素(尿路感染、频繁手淫、长时间固定体位、无节制性生活、长时间憋尿、辛辣食物、饮酒、焦虑、吸烟)的合并OR值和95%CI,进行Meta分析,比较其结果的一致性,分析合并结果的可靠性。结果共纳入18篇文献,共包括慢性前列腺炎病例15569例,对照组32677例,各危险因素合并OR值(95%CI)由高到低依次为尿路感染(OR=6.05,95%CI:4.40～8.34)、频繁手淫(OR=3.51,95%CI:2.84～4.34)、长时间固定体位(久坐、久骑)(OR=3.48,95%CI:2.88～4.20)、无节制性生活(OR=2.51,95%CI:1.81～3.48)、长时间憋尿(OR=2.49,95%CI:2.08～2.99)、辛辣食物(OR=2.27,95%CI:1.15～4.51)、饮酒(OR=2.16,95%CI:1.57～2.97)、焦虑(OR=2.04,95%CI:1.60～2.61)、吸烟(OR=1.44,95%CI:1.25～1.66)。结论尿路感染、频繁手淫、长时间固定体位(久坐、久骑)、无节制性生活、长时间憋尿、辛辣食物、饮酒、焦虑、吸烟均为中国人群慢性前列腺炎的危险因素,其中尿路感染对慢性前列腺炎的发病影响最大。

Objective To perform a comprehensive evaluation of the main risk factors for chronic prostatitis in China.Methods We searched and collected the literature reporting case-control studies on the risk factors for chronic prostatitis in Chinese men from January 2000 to November 2017 according to the inclusion and exclusion criteria.Fixed effects and random effects models were used to calculate the pooled odds ratio values(ORs;with 95%CIs)of these factors separately to perform a meta-analysis.These factors included urinary tract infection,frequent masturbation,long-time fixed position(sitting/riding),unrestrained sexual activity,long-time urine holding,intake of spicy food,drinking,anxiety,and smoking.The consistency of the results was compared and the reliability of the pooled results was analyzed.Results A total of 18 case-control studies,including 15569 patients and 32677 controls,were enrolled in this research.The pooled ORs(with 95%CIs)of the risk factors were:urinary tract infection 6.05(4.40~8.34),frequent masturbation 3.51(2.84~4.34),long-time fixed position(sitting/riding)3.48(2.88~4.20),unrestrained sexual activity 2.51(1.81~3.48),long-time urine holding 2.49(2.08~2.99),intake of spicy food 2.27(1.15~4.51),drinking 2.16(1.57~2.97),anxiety 2.04(1.60~2.61),and smoking 1.44(1.25~1.66).Conclusion Urinary tract infection,frequent masturbation,long-time fixed position(sitting/riding),unrestrained sexual activity,long-time urine holding,intake of spicy food,drinking,anxiety,and smoking are all risk factors for chronic prostatitis in China.Urinary tract infection is the highest risk factor for chronic prostatitis.