昆虫性冲突行为研究进展

Research progress on insect sexual conflict behaviors

自达尔文1871年提出性选择理论后,有关性选择方面已有很多研究报道,而近几十年开始有学者基于昆虫性冲突行为提出了性冲突理论。性冲突理论是动物某一性别的个体从异性中寻求繁殖利益而让后者付出代价的机制。目前,昆虫性冲突行为已成为生物学和进化学领域的研究热点。昆虫性冲突理论的核心是昆虫两性间的拮抗作用,并由此产生的协同进化以及演变出相应的生殖策略。昆虫性冲突行为可分为两部分:交配前冲突,其部分表现为雌性应对雄性强行交配对自身造成伤害而形成生理特征上的进化,还有部分则通过跑动、摇摆和假死等拒绝行为表现;交配后冲突,主要通过精子竞争、雌性隐秘性偏好等策略表现。综述了昆虫性冲突理论及性冲突行为研究进展,为今后昆虫协同进化的研究奠定了基础。

Since Darwin proposed the theory of sexual selection in 1871,there have been many studies on sexual selection. However,the theory of sexual conflict based on their behavior in insects was proposed by some researchers in recent decades. Theory of sexual conflict focuses on the co-evolution between the efforts of males to obtain reproductive benefits from females and the resistance of females to prevent male injuries. At present,the insect sexual conflict has become a hot topic in biological and evolutionary fields. The core of the insect conflict theory is the antagonism between both sexes of insects, and corresponding the co-evolution and evoluting the reproductive strategies.The insect sexual conflict can be divided into two parts: the pre-copulatory conflict, the partial performance of the female forms the evolution of physical charateristics on dealing with the situation, which male forces them sexeual and some by running, swinging, faking death and other acts of refusal;post-copulatory, mainly through sperm competition, cryptic female choice and other strategic performance.In this paper, the results of insect conflict theory and research in recent years are summarized respectively, which would lay the foundation for the study of insect co-evolution in the future.