治疗自身免疫病药物研究进展

Advance in drug treatment of autoimmune diseases

自身免疫病(类风湿关节炎、系统性红斑狼疮、炎症性肠病等)是一类以局部或全身性异常炎症免疫反应为特征的疾病。目前,治疗自身免疫病药物主要分为非甾体抗炎药、甾体抗炎药、改善病情抗风湿药(化学药物、天然药物以及生物制剂)等。随着对自身免疫病病理机制的深入阐明和新药物靶点的发现,靶向细胞因子、受体和信号分子的新型生物制剂获得较快发展。靶向JAK/STAT信号通路的多个小分子药物,近年来也被研发应用于临床。炎症免疫反应软调节药物是一类具有抗炎免疫调节作用、不良反应少的药物,该类药物将是治疗自身免疫病药物研发的新策略和主要方向之一。该文综述了治疗自身免疫病药物的研究进展。

Autoimmune diseases (rheumatoid arthritis, systemic lupus erythematosus, inflammatory bowel disease, etc.) are diseases characterized by local or systemic abnormal inflammatory immune response. At present, the treatment drugs of autoimmune diseases mainly include nonsteroid anti-inflammatory drugs, steroid anti-inflammatory drugs and disease modifying anti-rheumatic drugs (chemical medicine, natural medicine and biological agents), etc. With the pathological mechanism of autoimmune diseases to be clarified deeply and the discovery of new drug targets, new biological agents targeting cytokines and cell surface molecules have been developed rapidly. In recent years, multiple small molecule drugs targeting Janus kinase/ signal transducers and activators of transcription signaling pathway have been developed and applied in clinic. Soft regulation of inflammatory immune response drugs are the drugs with anti-inflammatory and immunomodulatory effects, as well as less adverse reactions. To develop this type of drug will be a new strategy and one of the main directions for the treatment of autoimmune diseases. The research progress of medicines to treat autoimmune diseases has been reviewed in this paper.