基于尿液代谢组学的玉米须治疗Ⅱ型糖尿病大鼠的作用机制研究

Study on action mechanism of corn silk in treating type Ⅱ diabetic rats based on urine metabonomics

目的观察玉米须水煎液对Ⅱ型糖尿病大鼠尿液内源性代谢物的干扰规律,从代谢组学方面探讨玉米须的降糖作用机制。方法将Wistar大鼠用高糖高脂饲料喂养4周后,并结合腹腔注射小剂量链脲佐菌素复制Ⅱ型糖尿病模型。将成模后的大鼠分成模型对照组和玉米须给药组,玉米须给药组灌胃玉米须水煎液(10.8 g·kg^(-1))4周,给药期间观察大鼠状态,并每两周监测1次血糖值。给药治疗后,收集禁食12 h尿样,采用UPLC/Q-TOF-MS技术,结合主成分分析和正交偏最小二乘法-判别分析方法,分析其代谢谱的变化。结果玉米须水煎液可以明显降低糖尿病大鼠的血糖值并改善相关症状。在正负离子模式下,共筛选出12个差异性标志物,这些差异标志物包括鹅去氧胆酸、甘氨胆酸、精氨琥珀酸等。结论玉米须水煎液降糖作用机制可能与三羧酸循环、胆汁酸生物合成、色氨基酸代谢等代谢有关,并提示可能对肝肾功能起到一定的保护作用。

Aim To observe the interference of corn water decoction on endogenous metabolites in urine of rats with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), and to investigate the hypoglycemic mechanism of corn silk in metabonomics. Methods Wistar rats were fed with high-sugar and high-fat diet for four weeks, and a small dose of streptozotocin was intraperitoneally injected to replicate the T2DM model. The modeled rats were divided into model control group and corn silk group. The corn silk group was given water to the corn water decoction(10.8 g·kg^-1 ) for four weeks. The state of the rats was observed during the administration, and blood glucose levels were monitored every two weeks. After treatment, the fasted 12 h urine samples were collected and the changes analyzed by UPLC/Q-TOF-MS combined with principal component analysis and orthogonal partial least squares-discriminant analysis methods. Results Maize water decoction could significantly reduce blood glucose levels and improve symptoms in diabetic rats. In the positive and negative ion modes, a total of 12 differential markers were screened. These differential markers include chenodeoxycholic acid, glycocholic acid, argininosuccinic acid, etc. Conclusions The hypoglycemic mechanism of corn decoction may be related to the metabolism of tricarboxylic acid, biosynthesis of bile acids, metabolism of color amino acid, etc. It also suggests that it may play a protective role in liver and kidney function.