基于社会力模型的城市设计优化方法研究——以碧桂园·森林城市设计为例

The Urban Design Optimization Method Based on Social Force Model:A Case Study of Forest City Design of Country Garden

人的集群活动是城市更新和进化的根本驱动力,城市与其居住者之间通过相互作用、彼此影响,形成互惠互利的共生系统。通过在计算机上仿真模拟特定场景下人流的活动状况,自下而上地探索城市空间的合理性,得到更有效的设计方案。相比于其他自下而上的模拟方法,"社会力模型"聚焦于"人"这一对象本身,将人流运动以及彼此间的交互作用量化为具体数值,更准确地找到人流的活动规律。以碧桂园·森林城市的优化设计为例,在初步方案设计完成后,通过对场地内行人活动的模拟和分析,发现设计不合理之处并加以改进完善。修改后的模拟结果表明,最终方案的人群活动更加契合城市发展的需要。

Human cluster activities are the fundamental driving force of urban renewal and evolution.City and its inhabitants form the mutually beneficial symbiosis system through mutual interaction and mutual influence.By simulating the activities of the"people"in the city,the rationality of the urban space is explored from the bottom-up.Compared with other bottom-up simulation method,"social force model"focuses on"people",the object itself,flowing movement and the quantification of the interaction between each other for a specific number,we can find the activity regularity of stream of people more accurately.Taking the optimization design of Country Garden and Forest City as an example,after the preliminary scheme design is completed,through the simulation and analysis of the pedestrian activity in the site,we find that the design is unreasonable and needs to be improved.The revised simulation results show that the final program of the population activities more in line with the needs of urban development.