河南省深度贫困地区扶贫攻坚成效、模式、问题及对策

Effectiveness, Model, Problems and Countermeasures About Poverty Alleviation in Deep Poverty-Stricken Areas of Henan Province

通过调查受访者家庭收支、脱贫影响因素及脱贫政策宣传等情况,研究嵩县基层脱贫攻坚成效、模式及问题。结果表明,嵩县在精准识别扶贫信息动态管理体系构建、扶贫产业支撑点打造、基层公共产品供给水平提升、扶贫模式创新途径探索方面成效明显;形成"田园综合体+产业观光带"特色旅游产业脱贫模式、"企业+合作社/大户+农户"特色农业产业脱贫模式和"全域生态+生产制造"高科技工业产业脱贫模式;但尚存帮扶资金使用效率低、脱贫与"扶智扶志"未协同推进、脱贫产业带动作用有限以及脱贫管理工作滞后等问题。最后,从脱贫政策宣传与信息公示、以扶志扶智提高贫困户参与能力、农畜产业转型升级、扶贫产业项目甄选与实施、能人返乡创业等方面提出对策建议,以期为河南省深度贫困区脱贫攻坚提供参考。

Through the investigation of the testee' family income and expenditure, the factors influencing poverty alleviation and the propaganda of poverty alleviation policies, the effectiveness, mode and problems of grass-roots poverty alleviation in Song County were studied in this paper. The results showed that Song County had achieved achievements in accurately identifying and dynamic management for poverty alleviation information, built support pointed for poverty alleviation industries, improved the supply level of grass-roots public products, and explored ways to innovate poverty alleviation models. It had formed a characteristic tourism industry poverty alleviation model of "Pastoral complex+industrial sightseeing belt","enterprise+ cooperatives/large households+farmers" and "global ecology+manufacturing". However, there were still problems, such as aid funds inefficient used, poverty alleviation advancement of ambition supporting or intelligence supporting uncoordinated, limitedthe action of poverty alleviation industries limited, and poverty management lagged. Finally, countermeasures were proposed from the poverty alleviation policy propaganda and information disclosure, ambition supporting or intelligence supporting to improve the participation of poor households, the transformation and upgrading of the agricultural and livestock industry, the selection and implementation of poverty alleviation industry projects, the ability to return home to entrepreneurship, etc., in order to provide a reference for poverty alleviation in deep poverty areas of Henan Province.