供给侧结构性改革下我国高等教育结构与产业结构耦合关系研究

Research on the Relationship Between Industrial Structure and Higher Education Structure Under Supply-side Structural Reform

随着我国产业转型升级的加快,高等教育结构性失调问题日益凸显。文章对我国1999—2015年高等教育结构、产业结构与大学毕业生就业情况及变动趋势进行了分析。研究结果表明:劳动力市场对大学毕业生的需求呈现向高学历转变的趋势,1999—2015年高等教育结构与产业结构、就业结构的关联系数在0.5～0.65之间,属于中等关联,二者关系比较密切。产业结构对高等教育结构的影响要大于高等教育结构对产业结构的影响;高等教育学科结构对产业转型升级的影响大于高等教育层次结构;经济增长方式的转变和高等教育结构的优化是促进高等教育与产业、就业协调发展的客观要求。

With the acceleration of China’s industrial transformation and upgrading,the structural contradictions of labor market are becoming more and more obvious.This paper analyzes the structure of higher education,the industrial structure,the employment situation,and the changing trend from 1999 to 2015.The relationship between the structure of higher education and industrial structure and employment structure is explored by using the grey relational analysis method.The research results show that the demand of the labor market for university graduates is changing towards the higher education level.The correlation coefficient between the structure of higher education and industrial structure and employment structure is between 0.5 and 0.65 from 1999 to 2015,belong to the medium correlation.The influence of industrial structure on the structure of higher education is greater than the impact of higher education structure on industrial structure.The influence of the discipline structure of higher education on industrial transformation and upgrading is greater than that of the hierarchical structure.The transformation of economic growth mode and the optimization of higher education structure are the objective requirements for promoting the coordinated development of higher education,industry,and employment.