公共景区特征与定价成本研究

Research on the Characteristic of Public Scenic Spot and Pricing Cost

旅游景区门票定价是社会普遍关心的问题,尤其是公共景区门票定价。公共景区以国有公共旅游资源为依托,具有一定的特殊性。我国所有景区中大约有90%以上都是公共景区,一方面公共景区具有社会公共属性,归国家所有,另一方面公共景区也是典型的准公共物品,具有垄断性和稀缺性。随着公共景区市场化改革的深入推进,公共景区定价引起人们的广泛关注。公共景区定价成本包括开发建设成本、资源保护成本、经营成本、收费成本,必须严格界定定价成本构成,促进公共景区定价更加科学、更加合理。

The ticket pricing of tourist attractions is a social concern, especially for the public scenic spots. Scenic spots rely on the national public tourism resources and have certain speciality. Higher than 90% of domestic scenic spots are public use, on the one hand, public scenic spots have social public property and belong to the nation, on the other hand, public scenic spots are also typical quasi-public goods with monopolistic and scarcity. With the deepening development of marketization reform of public scenic spots, the pricing has attracted an extensive attention. The pricing cost includes development and construction cost, resource protection cost, operation cost and charging cost, and the constitution of pricing cost must be strictly defined to improve the pricing more scientifically and rationally.