王勃“龙朔变体”再探

An Another Discussion on “the New Literary Style of Longshuo Period”

学界普遍认为高宗龙朔诗坛流行"上官体""颂体诗"两种诗体,因而对王勃所批判的"龙朔变体"内涵的争议,一直围绕"上官体""颂体诗"和两者兼指三种意见展开。实际上,"上官体""颂体诗"都产生于贞观时期,其相对于贞观主体诗风而言都是诗坛之"变",王勃对这两种诗风均表不满;但"颂体诗"主要流行于高宗永徽、显庆年间,龙朔诗坛则几乎是"上官体"的天下,故"龙朔变体"只能是指向"上官体"。不过,二者不能等同,"龙朔变体"的具体内涵只限于《王勃集序》中提出的"上官体"之缺陷,至于"上官体"的其它特征则不在王勃批判之列,这也是其攻击"变体"而不直呼"上官体"的原因所在。

It is generally accepted in the academic circles that there are two popular poetry styles which were"Shangguan Style”(上官体)and“the Poetry of Praise”(颂体诗)in Longshuo Period of Tang Lizhi.Therefore,the controversy over the connotation of"the New Literary Style of Longshuo Period”(龙朔变体)criticized by Wang Bo has always centered on"Shangguan Style"and"the Poetry of Praise"or both of which.In fact,the two poetry styles are both formed in the period of Zhenguan,but they are different to the prevailing poetic style of Zhenguan poetry.Wang Bo is dissatisfied with these two poetic styles.“The Poetry of Praise"is mainly popular in the period of Yonghui and Xianqing of Tang Lizhi.Longshuo poetry is full of“Shangguan Style”.So"the New Literary Style of Longshuo Period"can only refer to"Shangguan Style".However,“the New Literary Style of Longshuo Period"cannot be equated with"Shangguan Style”.The specific content of"the New Literary Style of Longshuo Period”can only be limited to the defects of"Shangguan Style"which were pointed out in the book of Wang Bo Ji Xu,while the other features of"Shangguan Style"are not criticized by Wang Bo.That is why he attacked the"the New Literary Style of Longshuo Period”instead of calling it"Shangguan Style”.