阎锡山的西北实业公司何以几无工潮

Why There Are Few Workers' Movements in Yan Xi-shan's Northwest Industrial Company

西北实业公司是民国时期山西工业建设体系的集大成者,当时在全国亦具有举足轻重的地位,然其却很少发生工潮或工人运动。经过史料爬梳发现,阎锡山运用恩威并济的治理策略将工潮扼杀于萌芽状态。阎氏将公司性质全民化模糊了工潮的运动对象,通过提供较好的工作环境、生活条件以及制订严厉的纪律惩处制度消解了工潮诱因,借助频繁的思想教化泯灭了工人斗争意愿,并以各种组织限制工人行动自由,甚至通过相互检举、特务密报等举措对工人进行严密监控,从而使工人既不愿也不敢"运动"。

Northwest Industrial Company was the epitome of Shanxi industry in the Republic of China and also played an important nationwide role at that time.Yet there were few strikes or workers’movements against it.By surveying historical documentation,we find that Yan Xi-shan used iron fist tactics to nip strikes in the bud.Yan Xi-shan obscured the subjects of workers’movements by making the company belonging to everyone,while he eliminated the motivations of the movements by providing a better working environment,living conditions and a strict discipline system.Meanwhile,Yan Xi-shan wiped out the workers’will to battle with the help of frequent ideological education.He also restricted workers’freedom of movement with all kinds of organizations and even monitored them by mutual reports and secret services.As a result of above factors,Yan Xi-shan made his workers unwilling and do not dare to launch movements.