人口老龄化背景下政府购买居家养老服务的模式及完善路径

Mode and Improvement Path of Government Purchase of Home-based Old-age Service under Background of Population Aging

当前,我国老龄化特别是高龄化现象日益突出,养老挑战越发严峻。在居家养老愈发普遍、服务需求愈加迫切的情况下,政府购买居家养老服务也就成为应对人口老龄化的必然选择。实践中形成了委托性购买、形式性购买和独立性竞争购买三种主要模式并取得了良好效果。但具体操作过程中发现存在购买力度不足、购买流程不规范、社会组织力量弱小、养老服务人员专业水平低等诸多问题。基于对以上问题的认识,提出了加大购买力度,建立目标群体甄别机制;加强政策支持力度,规范购买流程;培育壮大社会组织,优化其发展的政策环境;加快养老服务队伍建设,鼓励志愿者积极参与;拓展养老服务资金筹资渠道,确保资金来源充足;完善监督体制,健全评估体系的完善路径。

The aging of our country,especially the advanced aging phenomenon,is currently becoming increasingly prominent and the challenge of pension is becoming increasingly serious.With increasing popularity of home-based pension and increasingly urgent demand for services,the government purchase of home-based pension services has become an inevitable choice for dealing with population aging.In practice,entrusted purchase,formal purchase and independent competitiveness as the main models of purchase have been formed and good results have been achieved,but in the specific operation process,there exist such problems as insufficient purchasing power,irregular purchasing process,weak social organization strength and low professional level of pension service personnel.Based on the understanding of the above problems,this paper puts forward the following suggestions:strengthening the purchasing efforts and establishing the screening mechanism for target groups;strengthening government policy support and standardizing the purchasing process;cultivating and strengthening social organizations and optimizing the policy environment for their development;accelerating the construction of pension service team and encouraging volunteers to participate actively;expanding the financing channels of pension service funds and ensuring adequate funding sources;and perfecting the supervision system and improving the way to perfect the evaluation system.