中国赛艇队女子四人双桨项目北京奥运周期训练特征研究

Training characteristics of women's quadruple of Chinese Rowing Team in Beijing Olympic cycle

以我国女子四人双桨在北京周期夺取金牌的整个周期训练特征为研究对象,采用文献资料法、专家访谈法、观察法等,从不同训练年度的训练内容、方法与手段、负荷等维度来探讨女子四人双桨的训练特征,为女子四人双桨的今后备战提供现实和理论支持。结论为:整个北京周期女子四人双桨整体训练特征包括坚持有氧训练的重要地位;坚持高原训练平原化;水上各级能力训练负荷量呈现"两极化"结构特征;专项能力训练体现"以长促短""以短促长"兼具特征;速度能力训练的比例逐年加大并贯穿于整个突破年;力量训练呈现最大力量-力量耐力的周期序列模式;高度重视个体能力训练的配艇基础作用。

With Chinese women's quadruple sculls as subject,and based on literature review,expert interview and observation,the authors discussed the training characteristicsfrom the dimension of training content in different years,training methods and means and training load to provide practical and theoretical support for future preparation for the Olympics.The characteristics of women's quadruple sculls in Beijing Olympic cycle include:persisting in the important role of aerobic training;insisting on the training concept of"arrange the same training load on the plateau and plains";training load on water showing the structure of"polarization";special ability training having the characteristics of"long for short"and"short for long";the proportion of speed ability training increased year by year and throughout the year;strength training shows the maximal strength-strength endurance model;attaching great importance to the individual ability training in boat rowers selection.