凹凸棒石-聚丙烯腈复合静电纺丝膜的制备与表征

Study on electrospinning fabrication of attapulgite-polyacrylonitrile composite nanofiber membrane

采用3种改性剂对凹凸棒石进行表面改性,然后通过静电纺丝技术制备凹凸棒石-聚丙烯腈(ATP-PAN)复合纳米纤维膜,研究改性剂对复合膜结构和空气过滤性能的影响,优化ATP-PAN复合膜材料的静电纺丝制备工艺。结果表明,经十八烷基三甲基溴化铵和γ-甲基丙烯酰氧基丙基三甲氧基硅烷联用改性后的凹凸棒石纳米棒在复合纳米纤维膜中的分布较优。以邻苯二甲酸二辛酯(DOP)气溶胶颗粒为目标过滤物,发现凹凸棒石使复合膜的空气过滤效率达到98. 670%,压降仅为106. 7 Pa,品质因数为0. 407 3 Pa^(-1),表明以凹凸棒石为功能添加剂的复合纳米纤维膜材料在空气过滤领域具有良好的应用前景。

The attapulgite-polyacrylonitrile (ATP-PAN) composite nanofiber membrane was prepared via electrospinning technology,in which the attapulgite was modified firstly by using three different modifying agents.In order to optimize the electrospinning fabrication condition,the influence of modifying agent on the structure and air filtration property of composite membrane was investigated.The results show that the attapulgite nanorods modified by combination of octadecyl trimethylammonium bromide and methallyl propyl trimethoxysilane have better distribution in composite nanofiber membrane,and the diameter of the fibers is 40~120 nm.In addition,the successful preparation of ATP-PAN composite nanofiber membrane was further proved by using infrared spectrometer,thermogravimetric analyzer and X-ray diffractometer.Taking phthalate dioctyl (DOP) aerosol particles as target,it is found that adding attapulgite leaded air filtration performance of composite membrane improves significantly,the filtration efficiency reaches 98.670% and the pressure drop is only 106.7 Pa and quality factor is 0.407 3 Pa^-1.This indicates that taking attapulgite as functional additive of composite nanofiber membranes has a good application prospect in air filtration field.