集装箱船在深浅水中的操纵性能预报（英文）

Manoeuvrability Prediction for Container Ships in Deep and Shallow Waters

在船舶设计初期经常需要快速预报船舶操纵性能。文章提出一种基于系统的经验方法来预报集装箱船在深浅水中的操纵性。采用MMG模型作为操纵运动的基本数学模型,船体水动力导数及船—桨—舵干扰系统采用包含船体、螺旋桨和舵的主尺度的经验公式来估算。通过数值求解操纵运动方程,对两艘集装箱船(KCS和DTC)在深浅水中的回转运动和Z形操纵运动进行数值模拟,得到回转试验的进距和Z形试验的超越角等操纵性参数。为验证文中数学模型的可靠性,将KCS的操纵性预报结果与可得到的自航模试验结果进行了比较;基于系统的预报结果,比较了两艘集装箱船的操纵性,分析了浅水效应对操纵性的影响。结果表明,文中提出的预报方法可以揭示集装箱船操纵性随水深的变化规律,可为船舶初始设计阶段深浅水中的操纵性预报提供一种实用工具。

A quick prediction of ship manoeuvrability is always required during the initial ship design stage. This paper presents a system-based empirical method for predicting manoeuvrability of container ships under deep and shallow water conditions. The MMG model is used as the basic mathematical model for manoeuvring motions. The hydrodynamic derivatives for the hull and the hull-propeller-rudder interaction coefficients are estimated by using the empirical method based on the principal parameters of ship, propeller and rudder. By solving the equations of manoeuvring motion numerically, the turning and zigzag manoeuvres are simulated for two container ships, KCS and DTC, in deep and shallow waters, and the manoeuvring parameters such as the advance in turning test and the overshoot angles in zigzag tests are obtained. The predicted manoeuvering characteristics of KCS are compared with the available free-running model test data to validate the reliability of the mathematical model. Based on the systematic prediction results, the manoeuvring performances of the two ships are compared and the shallow water effects on ship manoeuvrability are analyzed. The results show that the proposed method can reveal the changing tendencies of the manoeuvring characteristics of container ships with water depths and provide a practical tool for predicting ship manoeuvrability in deep and shallow waters at the initial design stage.