城市规划委员会,为何、何为、何去?

Objectives, Functions, and Orientation of Urban Planning Committee

随着2018年的机构改革,在全国推行设立城市规划委员会这个任务历史性地落到新组建的自然资源部的肩上。只有在市、县设立城市规划委员会,依托其落实国土空间规划督查,才可以把国家和省域空间规划所确定的资源保护、开发、配置的底线控制真正落实下来,在制度上建立管控的刚性边界。以珠三角代表性城市的城市规划委员会为例,认为"半官方"的城市规划委员会制度最大的好处是可以把地方知识带进决策过程,在规划编制、审批、调整中把"公众参与"作为决策程序必须经过的一环,连接政府与社会,形成政府与社会的共识,并在利益相关方的博弈中作为冲突裁决机构,同时保持一定的制度弹性,而规划督查的一个重要任务应该就是维护规划委员会的独立性。

The institutional reforms of 2018 makes the responsibility of implementing the Urban Planning Committee institution in the country historically fall on the shoulders of the newly formed Department of Natural Resources. This paper holds that only by setting up Urban Planning Committees in cities and counties and relying on them to carry out the supervision of territorial spatial planning, can the bottom line control of resource protection, development and allocation determined by national and provincial spatial planning be truly implemented, and the rigid boundary of management and control be established institutionally. The article takes the Urban Planning Committee institution of the representative cities of the Pearl River Delta as an example. This paper holds that the greatest advantage of the "semi-official" urban planning committee system is to bring local knowledge into the decision-making process, take "public participation" as a necessary part of the decision-making process in the planning preparation, approval and adjustment, connect the government and society, form a consensus between the government and society, and act as a conflict ruling body in the game of stakeholders, while maintaining certain institutional flexibility. An important task of planning supervision should be to maintain the independence of the Urban Planning Committee.