老年驾驶人有效视野测试研究

Research on UFOV Test for Older Drivers

老年驾驶人的驾驶能力会出现增龄性衰退,有效视野测试可用于老年人视觉注意能力及驾驶安全性的测试和评价。在分析了有效视野测试理论及应用发展的基础上自主设计开发了有效视野测试方法及软件,选取了中、青、老年共38名受试驾驶人进行了测试实验,并分析了不同驾驶人的有效视野测试结果及其影响因素。结果表明:老年驾驶人的平均处理速度比中青年驾驶人慢,同时随着年龄的增加反应能力有减退的现象;中、青、老年驾驶人均将多数视觉注意分配在中心区域,尤其是老年驾驶人对外围视觉信息的获取的能力出现了下降的趋势。最后利用差异性分析对有效视野测试分析结果进行验证,得出了驾驶人的视野能力增龄性减退情况明显,各年龄段差异显著的结果。

Older drivers' driving ability declines with their aging.UFOV test can be used to measure visual attention and assess functions relevant to driving performance of the older drivers.The test method and software were designed and developed independently based on the analysis of UFOV test theory and its' application.38 drivers were selected to finish the test and validity experiment,and the performance of UFOV and its influencing factors were analyzed.The results showed that the average processing speed of the older drivers was slower than that of the middle-aged and young drivers,and at the same time the response ability declined with aging.The visual attention of all drivers' distributed in the central visual field,especially the ability of older drivers to acquire peripheral visual information was declined.Finally,by using difference analysis to verify the results of UFOV test,it is concluded that the age-related decline of the driver's visual field ability is obvious,and the difference between different ages is significant.