不同积木游戏类型对幼儿空间能力的影响研究

The Improvement of Spatial Ability through Interventions Involving Different Types of Block Building Activities

积木游戏是幼儿以积木为物质基础开展的象征性的建构游戏活动。在积木游戏过程中幼儿需要思考积木形状和大小的选择、方位和相邻关系以及积木作品的稳定性,这些都需要运用空间能力。通过积木游戏的干预实验,探寻自由搭建、命题搭建、模拟搭建和故事情境搭建对中班幼儿空间能力提升效果的差异,研究结果发现故事情境搭建对中班幼儿的空间能力提升效果最好。教育建议:教师应采取不同类型积木游戏促进幼儿空间能力发展;幼儿园应重视建构区的环境创设;构建良好的家庭积木游戏环境。

This study investigates the block building intervention experiment to explore the effect of four types of block buildings on the improvement of the spatial ability.The four types are free building,proposition building,imitation building,storytelling building.Spatial ability measures includes spatial visualization and mental rotation.Results shows that the free building,the proposition building,the imitation building and the storytelling building increase the effectiveness of spatial visualizationin the intervention of different types of building block games on spatial visualization ability,and that the effect of the intervention of the storytelling building group and the simulation group are better than the free building group and proposition building groupin the intervention of different types of building block games for mental rotation ability.Here are some educational recommendations as the following:teachers should adopt different types of building blocks to promote the development of children’s spatial ability;kindergartens should pay attention to the environmental creation of construction;kindergartens should build a good family building block game environment.