唯物史观语境中的社会义务主体辨析

Distinction of the Subject of Social Obligation in the Context of Historical Materialism

构建唯物史观的道德理论面临一个理论上的困难。因为唯物史观主张人是社会关系的总和,那么在这种语境中确立社会义务主体将面临无穷倒退的逻辑困境。经过分析,在唯物史观的语境中,人本身就是社会关系特别是合理生产方式的接受者和参与制造者,不完全是被动的。唯物史观最具特色的道德主张就是人类首先应该形成合理生产方式,那样,培养内外和谐的社会义务主体才是可能的。

Construction of the moral theory in the context of historical materialism faces a theoretical difficulty because historical materialism advocates that human being is the sum of social relations and the establishment of subject of social obligations in this context will face the logic of infinite retrogression.In fact,in the context of historical materialism,human being is not completely passive but the recipient and the producer of social relations,especially the reasonable production modes.The most distinctive moral proposition of historical materialism is that human beings should first form a reasonable mode of production so that it is possible to cultivate a harmonious social obligation subject both internally and externally.